Research

CIAE conducts research to develop inclusive abacus education innovations for learners of all ages and abilities, including those with visual impairments and diverse disabilities.

Our work focuses on:

Co-design with learners to improve teaching methodologies and accessibility

Assistive technology integration to support inclusive learning and rehabilitation

Evidence-based numeracy education for children, young adults, and older learners, including those with cognitive challenges

Global collaboration with NGOs, universities, and education stakeholders to share best practices and inform scalable approaches

Supporting Research & References

We also maintain case studies and key references from earlier research on abacus education for sighted learners, providing context and evidence for numeracy development:

1. Pupils’ Maths in the UK

(1)Pisa tests: UK lags behind in global school rankings

(2)Scottish schools drop in world rankings

(3)Chinese maths textbooks to be translated for UK schools

2. Does the Japanese abacus improve underachieving children’s performance in mathematics?

3. How to be a supercalculator

4. Research finds Abacus is making an impact!

5. Abacus Training Affects Math and Task Switching Abilities and Modulates Their Relationships in Chinese Children

6. Learning mathematics in a visuospatial format: A randomized, controlled trial of mental abacus instruction

These supporting studies complement CIAE’s current focus on inclusive learning, demonstrating the effectiveness of abacus methods for a wide range of learners and informing our innovations in inclusive numeracy education.

Selected Publication

Exploring the Future of the Inclusion of Abacus Learning: The Insights and a Pilot Test in Taiwan (British Abacus Association, 2021)

Learn more about our outputs in the Publications & Resources section.

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